546 lines
		
	
	
		
			21 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C++
		
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			546 lines
		
	
	
		
			21 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			C++
		
	
	
/*
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    tests/test_stl.cpp -- STL type casters
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    Copyright (c) 2017 Wenzel Jakob <wenzel.jakob@epfl.ch>
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    All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
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    BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
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*/
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#include <pybind11/stl.h>
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#include "constructor_stats.h"
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#include "pybind11_tests.h"
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#ifndef PYBIND11_HAS_FILESYSTEM_IS_OPTIONAL
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#    define PYBIND11_HAS_FILESYSTEM_IS_OPTIONAL
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#endif
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#include <pybind11/stl/filesystem.h>
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#include <string>
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#include <vector>
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#if defined(PYBIND11_TEST_BOOST)
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#    include <boost/optional.hpp>
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namespace pybind11 {
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namespace detail {
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template <typename T>
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struct type_caster<boost::optional<T>> : optional_caster<boost::optional<T>> {};
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template <>
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struct type_caster<boost::none_t> : void_caster<boost::none_t> {};
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} // namespace detail
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} // namespace pybind11
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#endif
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// Test with `std::variant` in C++17 mode, or with `boost::variant` in C++11/14
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#if defined(PYBIND11_HAS_VARIANT)
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using std::variant;
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#    define PYBIND11_TEST_VARIANT 1
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#elif defined(PYBIND11_TEST_BOOST)
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#    include <boost/variant.hpp>
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#    define PYBIND11_TEST_VARIANT 1
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using boost::variant;
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namespace pybind11 {
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namespace detail {
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template <typename... Ts>
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struct type_caster<boost::variant<Ts...>> : variant_caster<boost::variant<Ts...>> {};
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template <>
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struct visit_helper<boost::variant> {
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    template <typename... Args>
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    static auto call(Args &&...args) -> decltype(boost::apply_visitor(args...)) {
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        return boost::apply_visitor(args...);
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    }
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};
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} // namespace detail
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} // namespace pybind11
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#endif
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PYBIND11_MAKE_OPAQUE(std::vector<std::string, std::allocator<std::string>>);
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/// Issue #528: templated constructor
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struct TplCtorClass {
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    template <typename T>
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    explicit TplCtorClass(const T &) {}
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    bool operator==(const TplCtorClass &) const { return true; }
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};
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namespace std {
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template <>
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struct hash<TplCtorClass> {
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    size_t operator()(const TplCtorClass &) const { return 0; }
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};
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} // namespace std
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template <template <typename> class OptionalImpl, typename T>
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struct OptionalHolder {
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    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(modernize-use-equals-default): breaks GCC 4.8
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    OptionalHolder(){};
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    bool member_initialized() const { return member && member->initialized; }
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    OptionalImpl<T> member = T{};
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};
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enum class EnumType {
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    kSet = 42,
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    kUnset = 85,
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};
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// This is used to test that return-by-ref and return-by-copy policies are
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// handled properly for optional types. This is a regression test for a dangling
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// reference issue. The issue seemed to require the enum value type to
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// reproduce - it didn't seem to happen if the value type is just an integer.
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template <template <typename> class OptionalImpl>
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class OptionalProperties {
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public:
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    using OptionalEnumValue = OptionalImpl<EnumType>;
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    OptionalProperties() : value(EnumType::kSet) {}
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    ~OptionalProperties() {
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        // Reset value to detect use-after-destruction.
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        // This is set to a specific value rather than nullopt to ensure that
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        // the memory that contains the value gets re-written.
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        value = EnumType::kUnset;
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    }
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    OptionalEnumValue &access_by_ref() { return value; }
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    OptionalEnumValue access_by_copy() { return value; }
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private:
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    OptionalEnumValue value;
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};
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// This type mimics aspects of boost::optional from old versions of Boost,
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// which exposed a dangling reference bug in Pybind11. Recent versions of
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// boost::optional, as well as libstdc++'s std::optional, don't seem to be
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// affected by the same issue. This is meant to be a minimal implementation
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// required to reproduce the issue, not fully standard-compliant.
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// See issue #3330 for more details.
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template <typename T>
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class ReferenceSensitiveOptional {
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public:
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    using value_type = T;
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    ReferenceSensitiveOptional() = default;
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    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(google-explicit-constructor)
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    ReferenceSensitiveOptional(const T &value) : storage{value} {}
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    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(google-explicit-constructor)
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    ReferenceSensitiveOptional(T &&value) : storage{std::move(value)} {}
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    ReferenceSensitiveOptional &operator=(const T &value) {
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        storage = {value};
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        return *this;
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    }
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    ReferenceSensitiveOptional &operator=(T &&value) {
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        storage = {std::move(value)};
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        return *this;
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    }
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    template <typename... Args>
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    T &emplace(Args &&...args) {
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        storage.clear();
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        storage.emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
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        return storage.back();
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    }
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    const T &value() const noexcept {
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        assert(!storage.empty());
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        return storage[0];
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    }
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    const T &operator*() const noexcept { return value(); }
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    const T *operator->() const noexcept { return &value(); }
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    explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return !storage.empty(); }
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private:
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    std::vector<T> storage;
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};
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namespace pybind11 {
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namespace detail {
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template <typename T>
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struct type_caster<ReferenceSensitiveOptional<T>>
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    : optional_caster<ReferenceSensitiveOptional<T>> {};
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} // namespace detail
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} // namespace pybind11
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TEST_SUBMODULE(stl, m) {
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    // test_vector
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    m.def("cast_vector", []() { return std::vector<int>{1}; });
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    m.def("load_vector", [](const std::vector<int> &v) { return v.at(0) == 1 && v.at(1) == 2; });
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    // `std::vector<bool>` is special because it returns proxy objects instead of references
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    m.def("cast_bool_vector", []() { return std::vector<bool>{true, false}; });
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    m.def("load_bool_vector",
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          [](const std::vector<bool> &v) { return v.at(0) == true && v.at(1) == false; });
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    // Unnumbered regression (caused by #936): pointers to stl containers aren't castable
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    static std::vector<RValueCaster> lvv{2};
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    m.def(
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        "cast_ptr_vector", []() { return &lvv; }, py::return_value_policy::reference);
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    // test_deque
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    m.def("cast_deque", []() { return std::deque<int>{1}; });
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    m.def("load_deque", [](const std::deque<int> &v) { return v.at(0) == 1 && v.at(1) == 2; });
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    // test_array
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    m.def("cast_array", []() { return std::array<int, 2>{{1, 2}}; });
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    m.def("load_array", [](const std::array<int, 2> &a) { return a[0] == 1 && a[1] == 2; });
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    // test_valarray
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    m.def("cast_valarray", []() { return std::valarray<int>{1, 4, 9}; });
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    m.def("load_valarray", [](const std::valarray<int> &v) {
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        return v.size() == 3 && v[0] == 1 && v[1] == 4 && v[2] == 9;
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    });
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    // test_map
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    m.def("cast_map", []() { return std::map<std::string, std::string>{{"key", "value"}}; });
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    m.def("load_map", [](const std::map<std::string, std::string> &map) {
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        return map.at("key") == "value" && map.at("key2") == "value2";
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    });
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    // test_set
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    m.def("cast_set", []() { return std::set<std::string>{"key1", "key2"}; });
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    m.def("load_set", [](const std::set<std::string> &set) {
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        return (set.count("key1") != 0u) && (set.count("key2") != 0u) && (set.count("key3") != 0u);
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    });
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    // test_recursive_casting
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    m.def("cast_rv_vector", []() { return std::vector<RValueCaster>{2}; });
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    m.def("cast_rv_array", []() { return std::array<RValueCaster, 3>(); });
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    // NB: map and set keys are `const`, so while we technically do move them (as `const Type &&`),
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    // casters don't typically do anything with that, which means they fall to the `const Type &`
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    // caster.
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    m.def("cast_rv_map", []() {
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        return std::unordered_map<std::string, RValueCaster>{{"a", RValueCaster{}}};
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    });
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    m.def("cast_rv_nested", []() {
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        std::vector<std::array<std::list<std::unordered_map<std::string, RValueCaster>>, 2>> v;
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        v.emplace_back();           // add an array
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        v.back()[0].emplace_back(); // add a map to the array
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        v.back()[0].back().emplace("b", RValueCaster{});
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        v.back()[0].back().emplace("c", RValueCaster{});
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        v.back()[1].emplace_back(); // add a map to the array
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        v.back()[1].back().emplace("a", RValueCaster{});
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        return v;
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    });
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    static std::array<RValueCaster, 2> lva;
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    static std::unordered_map<std::string, RValueCaster> lvm{{"a", RValueCaster{}},
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                                                             {"b", RValueCaster{}}};
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    static std::unordered_map<std::string, std::vector<std::list<std::array<RValueCaster, 2>>>>
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        lvn;
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    lvn["a"].emplace_back();        // add a list
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    lvn["a"].back().emplace_back(); // add an array
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    lvn["a"].emplace_back();        // another list
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    lvn["a"].back().emplace_back(); // add an array
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    lvn["b"].emplace_back();        // add a list
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    lvn["b"].back().emplace_back(); // add an array
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    lvn["b"].back().emplace_back(); // add another array
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    m.def("cast_lv_vector", []() -> const decltype(lvv) & { return lvv; });
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    m.def("cast_lv_array", []() -> const decltype(lva) & { return lva; });
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    m.def("cast_lv_map", []() -> const decltype(lvm) & { return lvm; });
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    m.def("cast_lv_nested", []() -> const decltype(lvn) & { return lvn; });
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    // #853:
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    m.def("cast_unique_ptr_vector", []() {
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        std::vector<std::unique_ptr<UserType>> v;
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        v.emplace_back(new UserType{7});
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        v.emplace_back(new UserType{42});
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        return v;
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    });
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    pybind11::enum_<EnumType>(m, "EnumType")
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        .value("kSet", EnumType::kSet)
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        .value("kUnset", EnumType::kUnset);
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    // test_move_out_container
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    struct MoveOutContainer {
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        struct Value {
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            int value;
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        };
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        std::list<Value> move_list() const { return {{0}, {1}, {2}}; }
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    };
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    py::class_<MoveOutContainer::Value>(m, "MoveOutContainerValue")
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        .def_readonly("value", &MoveOutContainer::Value::value);
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    py::class_<MoveOutContainer>(m, "MoveOutContainer")
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        .def(py::init<>())
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        .def_property_readonly("move_list", &MoveOutContainer::move_list);
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    // Class that can be move- and copy-constructed, but not assigned
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    struct NoAssign {
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        int value;
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        explicit NoAssign(int value = 0) : value(value) {}
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        NoAssign(const NoAssign &) = default;
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        NoAssign(NoAssign &&) = default;
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        NoAssign &operator=(const NoAssign &) = delete;
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        NoAssign &operator=(NoAssign &&) = delete;
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    };
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    py::class_<NoAssign>(m, "NoAssign", "Class with no C++ assignment operators")
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        .def(py::init<>())
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        .def(py::init<int>());
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    struct MoveOutDetector {
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        MoveOutDetector() = default;
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        MoveOutDetector(const MoveOutDetector &) = default;
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        MoveOutDetector(MoveOutDetector &&other) noexcept : initialized(other.initialized) {
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            // steal underlying resource
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            other.initialized = false;
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        }
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        bool initialized = true;
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    };
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    py::class_<MoveOutDetector>(m, "MoveOutDetector", "Class with move tracking")
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        .def(py::init<>())
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        .def_readonly("initialized", &MoveOutDetector::initialized);
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#ifdef PYBIND11_HAS_OPTIONAL
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    // test_optional
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    m.attr("has_optional") = true;
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    using opt_int = std::optional<int>;
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    using opt_no_assign = std::optional<NoAssign>;
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    m.def("double_or_zero", [](const opt_int &x) -> int { return x.value_or(0) * 2; });
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    m.def("half_or_none", [](int x) -> opt_int { return x != 0 ? opt_int(x / 2) : opt_int(); });
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    m.def(
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        "test_nullopt",
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        [](opt_int x) { return x.value_or(42); },
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        py::arg_v("x", std::nullopt, "None"));
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    m.def(
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        "test_no_assign",
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        [](const opt_no_assign &x) { return x ? x->value : 42; },
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        py::arg_v("x", std::nullopt, "None"));
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    m.def("nodefer_none_optional", [](std::optional<int>) { return true; });
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    m.def("nodefer_none_optional", [](const py::none &) { return false; });
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    using opt_holder = OptionalHolder<std::optional, MoveOutDetector>;
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    py::class_<opt_holder>(m, "OptionalHolder", "Class with optional member")
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        .def(py::init<>())
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        .def_readonly("member", &opt_holder::member)
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        .def("member_initialized", &opt_holder::member_initialized);
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    using opt_props = OptionalProperties<std::optional>;
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    pybind11::class_<opt_props>(m, "OptionalProperties")
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        .def(pybind11::init<>())
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        .def_property_readonly("access_by_ref", &opt_props::access_by_ref)
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        .def_property_readonly("access_by_copy", &opt_props::access_by_copy);
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#endif
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#ifdef PYBIND11_HAS_EXP_OPTIONAL
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    // test_exp_optional
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    m.attr("has_exp_optional") = true;
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    using exp_opt_int = std::experimental::optional<int>;
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    using exp_opt_no_assign = std::experimental::optional<NoAssign>;
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    m.def("double_or_zero_exp", [](const exp_opt_int &x) -> int { return x.value_or(0) * 2; });
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    m.def("half_or_none_exp",
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          [](int x) -> exp_opt_int { return x ? exp_opt_int(x / 2) : exp_opt_int(); });
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    m.def(
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        "test_nullopt_exp",
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        [](exp_opt_int x) { return x.value_or(42); },
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        py::arg_v("x", std::experimental::nullopt, "None"));
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    m.def(
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        "test_no_assign_exp",
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        [](const exp_opt_no_assign &x) { return x ? x->value : 42; },
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        py::arg_v("x", std::experimental::nullopt, "None"));
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    using opt_exp_holder = OptionalHolder<std::experimental::optional, MoveOutDetector>;
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    py::class_<opt_exp_holder>(m, "OptionalExpHolder", "Class with optional member")
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        .def(py::init<>())
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        .def_readonly("member", &opt_exp_holder::member)
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        .def("member_initialized", &opt_exp_holder::member_initialized);
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    using opt_exp_props = OptionalProperties<std::experimental::optional>;
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    pybind11::class_<opt_exp_props>(m, "OptionalExpProperties")
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        .def(pybind11::init<>())
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        .def_property_readonly("access_by_ref", &opt_exp_props::access_by_ref)
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        .def_property_readonly("access_by_copy", &opt_exp_props::access_by_copy);
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#endif
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#if defined(PYBIND11_TEST_BOOST)
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    // test_boost_optional
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    m.attr("has_boost_optional") = true;
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    using boost_opt_int = boost::optional<int>;
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    using boost_opt_no_assign = boost::optional<NoAssign>;
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    m.def("double_or_zero_boost", [](const boost_opt_int &x) -> int { return x.value_or(0) * 2; });
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    m.def("half_or_none_boost",
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          [](int x) -> boost_opt_int { return x != 0 ? boost_opt_int(x / 2) : boost_opt_int(); });
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    m.def(
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        "test_nullopt_boost",
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        [](boost_opt_int x) { return x.value_or(42); },
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        py::arg_v("x", boost::none, "None"));
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    m.def(
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        "test_no_assign_boost",
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        [](const boost_opt_no_assign &x) { return x ? x->value : 42; },
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        py::arg_v("x", boost::none, "None"));
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    using opt_boost_holder = OptionalHolder<boost::optional, MoveOutDetector>;
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    py::class_<opt_boost_holder>(m, "OptionalBoostHolder", "Class with optional member")
 | 
						|
        .def(py::init<>())
 | 
						|
        .def_readonly("member", &opt_boost_holder::member)
 | 
						|
        .def("member_initialized", &opt_boost_holder::member_initialized);
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    using opt_boost_props = OptionalProperties<boost::optional>;
 | 
						|
    pybind11::class_<opt_boost_props>(m, "OptionalBoostProperties")
 | 
						|
        .def(pybind11::init<>())
 | 
						|
        .def_property_readonly("access_by_ref", &opt_boost_props::access_by_ref)
 | 
						|
        .def_property_readonly("access_by_copy", &opt_boost_props::access_by_copy);
 | 
						|
#endif
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    // test_refsensitive_optional
 | 
						|
    using refsensitive_opt_int = ReferenceSensitiveOptional<int>;
 | 
						|
    using refsensitive_opt_no_assign = ReferenceSensitiveOptional<NoAssign>;
 | 
						|
    m.def("double_or_zero_refsensitive",
 | 
						|
          [](const refsensitive_opt_int &x) -> int { return (x ? x.value() : 0) * 2; });
 | 
						|
    m.def("half_or_none_refsensitive", [](int x) -> refsensitive_opt_int {
 | 
						|
        return x != 0 ? refsensitive_opt_int(x / 2) : refsensitive_opt_int();
 | 
						|
    });
 | 
						|
    m.def(
 | 
						|
        "test_nullopt_refsensitive",
 | 
						|
        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-unnecessary-value-param)
 | 
						|
        [](refsensitive_opt_int x) { return x ? x.value() : 42; },
 | 
						|
        py::arg_v("x", refsensitive_opt_int(), "None"));
 | 
						|
    m.def(
 | 
						|
        "test_no_assign_refsensitive",
 | 
						|
        [](const refsensitive_opt_no_assign &x) { return x ? x->value : 42; },
 | 
						|
        py::arg_v("x", refsensitive_opt_no_assign(), "None"));
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    using opt_refsensitive_holder = OptionalHolder<ReferenceSensitiveOptional, MoveOutDetector>;
 | 
						|
    py::class_<opt_refsensitive_holder>(
 | 
						|
        m, "OptionalRefSensitiveHolder", "Class with optional member")
 | 
						|
        .def(py::init<>())
 | 
						|
        .def_readonly("member", &opt_refsensitive_holder::member)
 | 
						|
        .def("member_initialized", &opt_refsensitive_holder::member_initialized);
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    using opt_refsensitive_props = OptionalProperties<ReferenceSensitiveOptional>;
 | 
						|
    pybind11::class_<opt_refsensitive_props>(m, "OptionalRefSensitiveProperties")
 | 
						|
        .def(pybind11::init<>())
 | 
						|
        .def_property_readonly("access_by_ref", &opt_refsensitive_props::access_by_ref)
 | 
						|
        .def_property_readonly("access_by_copy", &opt_refsensitive_props::access_by_copy);
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
#ifdef PYBIND11_HAS_FILESYSTEM
 | 
						|
    // test_fs_path
 | 
						|
    m.attr("has_filesystem") = true;
 | 
						|
    m.def("parent_path", [](const std::filesystem::path &p) { return p.parent_path(); });
 | 
						|
#endif
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
#ifdef PYBIND11_TEST_VARIANT
 | 
						|
    static_assert(std::is_same<py::detail::variant_caster_visitor::result_type, py::handle>::value,
 | 
						|
                  "visitor::result_type is required by boost::variant in C++11 mode");
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    struct visitor {
 | 
						|
        using result_type = const char *;
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
        result_type operator()(int) { return "int"; }
 | 
						|
        result_type operator()(const std::string &) { return "std::string"; }
 | 
						|
        result_type operator()(double) { return "double"; }
 | 
						|
        result_type operator()(std::nullptr_t) { return "std::nullptr_t"; }
 | 
						|
#    if defined(PYBIND11_HAS_VARIANT)
 | 
						|
        result_type operator()(std::monostate) { return "std::monostate"; }
 | 
						|
#    endif
 | 
						|
    };
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    // test_variant
 | 
						|
    m.def("load_variant", [](const variant<int, std::string, double, std::nullptr_t> &v) {
 | 
						|
        return py::detail::visit_helper<variant>::call(visitor(), v);
 | 
						|
    });
 | 
						|
    m.def("load_variant_2pass", [](variant<double, int> v) {
 | 
						|
        return py::detail::visit_helper<variant>::call(visitor(), v);
 | 
						|
    });
 | 
						|
    m.def("cast_variant", []() {
 | 
						|
        using V = variant<int, std::string>;
 | 
						|
        return py::make_tuple(V(5), V("Hello"));
 | 
						|
    });
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
#    if defined(PYBIND11_HAS_VARIANT)
 | 
						|
    // std::monostate tests.
 | 
						|
    m.def("load_monostate_variant",
 | 
						|
          [](const variant<std::monostate, int, std::string> &v) -> const char * {
 | 
						|
              return py::detail::visit_helper<variant>::call(visitor(), v);
 | 
						|
          });
 | 
						|
    m.def("cast_monostate_variant", []() {
 | 
						|
        using V = variant<std::monostate, int, std::string>;
 | 
						|
        return py::make_tuple(V{}, V(5), V("Hello"));
 | 
						|
    });
 | 
						|
#    endif
 | 
						|
#endif
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    // #528: templated constructor
 | 
						|
    // (no python tests: the test here is that this compiles)
 | 
						|
    m.def("tpl_ctor_vector", [](std::vector<TplCtorClass> &) {});
 | 
						|
    m.def("tpl_ctor_map", [](std::unordered_map<TplCtorClass, TplCtorClass> &) {});
 | 
						|
    m.def("tpl_ctor_set", [](std::unordered_set<TplCtorClass> &) {});
 | 
						|
#if defined(PYBIND11_HAS_OPTIONAL)
 | 
						|
    m.def("tpl_constr_optional", [](std::optional<TplCtorClass> &) {});
 | 
						|
#endif
 | 
						|
#if defined(PYBIND11_HAS_EXP_OPTIONAL)
 | 
						|
    m.def("tpl_constr_optional_exp", [](std::experimental::optional<TplCtorClass> &) {});
 | 
						|
#endif
 | 
						|
#if defined(PYBIND11_TEST_BOOST)
 | 
						|
    m.def("tpl_constr_optional_boost", [](boost::optional<TplCtorClass> &) {});
 | 
						|
#endif
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    // test_vec_of_reference_wrapper
 | 
						|
    // #171: Can't return STL structures containing reference wrapper
 | 
						|
    m.def("return_vec_of_reference_wrapper", [](std::reference_wrapper<UserType> p4) {
 | 
						|
        static UserType p1{1}, p2{2}, p3{3};
 | 
						|
        return std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<UserType>>{
 | 
						|
            std::ref(p1), std::ref(p2), std::ref(p3), p4};
 | 
						|
    });
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    // test_stl_pass_by_pointer
 | 
						|
    m.def(
 | 
						|
        "stl_pass_by_pointer", [](std::vector<int> *v) { return *v; }, "v"_a = nullptr);
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    // #1258: pybind11/stl.h converts string to vector<string>
 | 
						|
    m.def("func_with_string_or_vector_string_arg_overload",
 | 
						|
          [](const std::vector<std::string> &) { return 1; });
 | 
						|
    m.def("func_with_string_or_vector_string_arg_overload",
 | 
						|
          [](const std::list<std::string> &) { return 2; });
 | 
						|
    m.def("func_with_string_or_vector_string_arg_overload", [](const std::string &) { return 3; });
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    class Placeholder {
 | 
						|
    public:
 | 
						|
        Placeholder() { print_created(this); }
 | 
						|
        Placeholder(const Placeholder &) = delete;
 | 
						|
        ~Placeholder() { print_destroyed(this); }
 | 
						|
    };
 | 
						|
    py::class_<Placeholder>(m, "Placeholder");
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    /// test_stl_vector_ownership
 | 
						|
    m.def(
 | 
						|
        "test_stl_ownership",
 | 
						|
        []() {
 | 
						|
            std::vector<Placeholder *> result;
 | 
						|
            result.push_back(new Placeholder());
 | 
						|
            return result;
 | 
						|
        },
 | 
						|
        py::return_value_policy::take_ownership);
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    m.def("array_cast_sequence", [](std::array<int, 3> x) { return x; });
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    /// test_issue_1561
 | 
						|
    struct Issue1561Inner {
 | 
						|
        std::string data;
 | 
						|
    };
 | 
						|
    struct Issue1561Outer {
 | 
						|
        std::vector<Issue1561Inner> list;
 | 
						|
    };
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    py::class_<Issue1561Inner>(m, "Issue1561Inner")
 | 
						|
        .def(py::init<std::string>())
 | 
						|
        .def_readwrite("data", &Issue1561Inner::data);
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    py::class_<Issue1561Outer>(m, "Issue1561Outer")
 | 
						|
        .def(py::init<>())
 | 
						|
        .def_readwrite("list", &Issue1561Outer::list);
 | 
						|
 | 
						|
    m.def(
 | 
						|
        "return_vector_bool_raw_ptr",
 | 
						|
        []() { return new std::vector<bool>(4513); },
 | 
						|
        // Without explicitly specifying `take_ownership`, this function leaks.
 | 
						|
        py::return_value_policy::take_ownership);
 | 
						|
}
 |